做塑胶网站需要什么材料,合肥专业做公司网站,c网站开发案例详解代码,学建网站要多久.NET 6 中哈希算法的简化用法Intro微软在 .NET 6 中引入一些更简单的 API 来使用 HMAC 哈希算法#xff08;MD5/SHA1/SHA256/SHA384/SHA512)微软的叫法叫做 HMAC One-Shoot method, HMAC 算法在普通的哈希算法基础上增加了一个 key#xff0c;通过 key 提升了安全性#xff… .NET 6 中哈希算法的简化用法Intro微软在 .NET 6 中引入一些更简单的 API 来使用 HMAC 哈希算法MD5/SHA1/SHA256/SHA384/SHA512)微软的叫法叫做 HMAC One-Shoot method, HMAC 算法在普通的哈希算法基础上增加了一个 key通过 key 提升了安全性能够有效避免密码泄露被彩虹表反推出真实密码 JWT(Json Web Token) 除了可以使用 RSA 方式外也支持使用 HMAC 。New API新增的 API 定义如下namespace System.Security.Cryptography {public partial class HMACMD5 {public static byte[] HashData(byte[] key, byte[] source);public static byte[] HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source);public static int HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination);public static bool TryHashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination, out int bytesWritten);}public partial class HMACSHA1 {public static byte[] HashData(byte[] key, byte[] source);public static byte[] HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source);public static int HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination);public static bool TryHashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination, out int bytesWritten);}public partial class HMACSHA256 {public static byte[] HashData(byte[] key, byte[] source);public static byte[] HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source);public static int HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination);public static bool TryHashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination, out int bytesWritten);}public partial class HMACSHA384 {public static byte[] HashData(byte[] key, byte[] source);public static byte[] HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source);public static int HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination);public static bool TryHashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination, out int bytesWritten);}public partial class HMACSHA512 {public static byte[] HashData(byte[] key, byte[] source);public static byte[] HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source);public static int HashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination);public static bool TryHashData(ReadOnlySpanbyte key, ReadOnlySpanbyte source, Spanbyte destination, out int bytesWritten);}
}
Sample Before在之前的版本中想要实现计算 HMAC 算法会比较复杂之前实现了一个 HashHelper 来封装了常用的 Hash 算法和 HMAC 算法HashHelper 部分代码如下完整代码可以从 Github 获取https://github.com/WeihanLi/WeihanLi.Common/blob/dev/src/WeihanLi.Common/Helpers/HashHelper.cs/// summary
/// 获取哈希之后的字符串
/// /summary
/// param nametype哈希类型/param
/// param namesource源/param
/// param namekeykey/param
/// param nameisLower是否是小写/param
/// returns哈希算法处理之后的字符串/returns
public static string GetHashedString(HashType type, byte[] source, byte[]? key, bool isLower false)
{Guard.NotNull(source, nameof(source));if (source.Length 0){return string.Empty;}var hashedBytes GetHashedBytes(type, source, key);var sbText new StringBuilder();if (isLower){foreach (var b in hashedBytes){sbText.Append(b.ToString(x2));}}else{foreach (var b in hashedBytes){sbText.Append(b.ToString(X2));}}return sbText.ToString();
}/// summary
/// 计算字符串Hash值
/// /summary
/// param nametypehash类型/param
/// param namestr要hash的字符串/param
/// returnshash过的字节数组/returns
public static byte[] GetHashedBytes(HashType type, string str) GetHashedBytes(type, str, Encoding.UTF8);/// summary
/// 计算字符串Hash值
/// /summary
/// param nametypehash类型/param
/// param namestr要hash的字符串/param
/// param nameencoding编码类型/param
/// returnshash过的字节数组/returns
public static byte[] GetHashedBytes(HashType type, string str, Encoding encoding)
{Guard.NotNull(str, nameof(str));if (str string.Empty){return Array.Emptybyte();}var bytes encoding.GetBytes(str);return GetHashedBytes(type, bytes);
}/// summary
/// 获取Hash后的字节数组
/// /summary
/// param nametype哈希类型/param
/// param namebytes原字节数组/param
/// returns/returns
public static byte[] GetHashedBytes(HashType type, byte[] bytes) GetHashedBytes(type, bytes, null);/// summary
/// 获取Hash后的字节数组
/// /summary
/// param nametype哈希类型/param
/// param namekeykey/param
/// param namebytes原字节数组/param
/// returns/returns
public static byte[] GetHashedBytes(HashType type, byte[] bytes, byte[]? key)
{Guard.NotNull(bytes, nameof(bytes));if (bytes.Length 0){return bytes;}HashAlgorithm algorithm null!;try{if (key null){algorithm type switch{HashType.SHA1 new SHA1Managed(),HashType.SHA256 new SHA256Managed(),HashType.SHA384 new SHA384Managed(),HashType.SHA512 new SHA512Managed(),_ MD5.Create()};}else{algorithm type switch{HashType.SHA1 new HMACSHA1(key),HashType.SHA256 new HMACSHA256(key),HashType.SHA384 new HMACSHA384(key),HashType.SHA512 new HMACSHA512(key),_ new HMACMD5(key)};}return algorithm.ComputeHash(bytes);}finally{algorithm.Dispose();}
}
使用示例如下HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.MD5, test);
HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.MD5, test.GetBytes());
HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.MD5, test, testKey);
HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.MD5, test.GetBytes(), testKey.GetBytes());HashHelper.GetHashedString(HashType.MD5, test);
HashHelper.GetHashedString(HashType.SHA1, test.GetBytes());
HashHelper.GetHashedString(HashType.SHA256, test, testKey);
HashHelper.GetHashedString(HashType.MD5, test.GetBytes(), testKey.GetBytes());
New API Sample有了新的 API 以后可以怎么简化呢来看下面的示例var bytes test.GetBytes();
var keyBytes test-key.GetBytes();// HMACMD5
var hmd5V1 HMACMD5.HashData(keyBytes, bytes);
var hmd5V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.MD5, bytes, keyBytes);
Console.WriteLine(hmd5V2.SequenceEqual(hmd5V1));// HMACSHA1
var hsha1V1 HMACSHA1.HashData(keyBytes, bytes);
var hsha1V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA1, bytes, keyBytes);
Console.WriteLine(hsha1V2.SequenceEqual(hsha1V1));// HMACSHA256
var hsha256V1 HMACSHA256.HashData(keyBytes, bytes);
var hsha256V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA256, bytes, keyBytes);
Console.WriteLine(hsha256V2.SequenceEqual(hsha256V1));// HMACSHA384
var hsha384V1 HMACSHA384.HashData(keyBytes ,bytes);
var hsha384V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA384, bytes, keyBytes);
Console.WriteLine(hsha384V2.SequenceEqual(hsha384V1));// HMACSHA512
var hsha512V1 HMACSHA512.HashData(keyBytes ,bytes);
var hsha512V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA512, bytes, keyBytes);
Console.WriteLine(hsha512V2.SequenceEqual(hsha512V1));
直接使用对应的 HMAC 哈希算法的 HashData 方法即可传入对应的 key 和 原始内容就可以了上面是和我们 HashHelper 封装的方法进行对比看结果是否一致都是一致的输出结果如下More对于普通的哈希算法微软其实在 .NET 5 就已经支持了上面的用法可以尝试一下下面的代码var bytes test.GetBytes();// MD5
var md5V1 MD5.HashData(bytes);
var md5V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.MD5, bytes);
Console.WriteLine(md5V2.SequenceEqual(md5V1));// SHA1
var sha1V1 SHA1.HashData(bytes);
var sha1V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA1, bytes);
Console.WriteLine(sha1V2.SequenceEqual(sha1V1));// SHA256
var sha256V1 SHA256.HashData(bytes);
var sha256V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA256, bytes);
Console.WriteLine(sha256V2.SequenceEqual(sha256V1));// SHA384
var sha384V1 SHA384.HashData(bytes);
var sha384V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA384, bytes);
Console.WriteLine(sha384V2.SequenceEqual(sha384V1));// SHA512
var sha512V1 SHA512.HashData(bytes);
var sha512V2 HashHelper.GetHashedBytes(HashType.SHA512, bytes);
Console.WriteLine(sha512V2.SequenceEqual(sha512V1));
很多时候我们可能都会要使用 MD5 或者 SHA1 之后的字符串不知道为什么微软没有直接获取一个字符串的方法如果有这样一个方法就会更方便了相比之后感觉还是自己封装的 HashHelper 使用起来更舒服一些哈哈这样的静态方法不够抽象如果要动态替换哈希算法代码可能就有点...Referenceshttps://github.com/dotnet/runtime/pull/53487https://github.com/dotnet/runtime/issues/40012https://github.com/dotnet/core/issues/6569#issuecomment-913876347https://baike.baidu.com/item/hmac/7307543?fraladdinhttps://github.com/WeihanLi/SamplesInPractice/blob/master/net6sample/HashSample/Program.cshttps://github.com/WeihanLi/WeihanLi.Common/blob/dev/src/WeihanLi.Common/Helpers/HashHelper.cs
