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一、安装Sentry
#xff11;.#xff2d;ariaDB中创建sentry数据库
2.CDH中添加sentry 服务
3.hive配置 启动Sentry
4.Impala配置 启动Sentry
5.Hue配置 启动Sentry
6.Hdfs配置 启动Sentry
7.重启服务#xff0c;使配置生效
二、Sentry权限测试
1.创建hive超…目录
一、安装Sentry
.ariaDB中创建sentry数据库
2.CDH中添加sentry 服务
3.hive配置 启动Sentry
4.Impala配置 启动Sentry
5.Hue配置 启动Sentry
6.Hdfs配置 启动Sentry
7.重启服务使配置生效
二、Sentry权限测试
1.创建hive超级用户 1.1 创建kerberos hive用户
1.2创建Admin角色 1.3为admin角色赋予管理员权限
1.4 将admin角色授权给hive用户组
2. 创建test表
3. 创建其他角色授予权限
3.1 创建用户默认用户组与用户名相同 3.2 授权read角色对test表的select权限write角色对test表的insert权限 3.3 将read角色授权给 jast_r 用户组write角色授权给 jast_w 用户组 3.4 使用kadmin创建 jast_r 和 jast_w 用户 3.5 Hive 验证
3.6 HDFS 权限验证 3.7 HUE 验证 3.8 Impala 验证
4. Sentry 列权限设置
4.1 创建test表列读角色并授权给用户组 4.2 列读权限测试
5. Sentry 权限命令详解更多介绍参考https://datamining.blog.csdn.net/article/details/99212770 Sentry 介绍 https://datamining.blog.csdn.net/article/details/98969244 一、安装Sentry
.ariaDB中创建sentry数据库
MariaDB [(none)] create database sentry default character set utf8;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec)MariaDB [(none)] CREATE USER sentry% IDENTIFIED BY password;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)MariaDB [(none)] GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON sentry. * TO sentry%;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)MariaDB [(none)] FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)2.CDH中添加sentry 服务 填写刚刚创建数据库信息 继续安装完成 3.hive配置 启动Sentry
启动hive Sentry 取消模拟用户身份提交 启用数据库中的存储通知 保存
4.Impala配置 启动Sentry 5.Hue配置 启动Sentry 6.Hdfs配置 启动Sentry
启动HDFS ACL控制与Sentry权限同步 7.重启服务使配置生效
至此服务安装成功
二、Sentry权限测试
1.创建hive超级用户 1.1 创建kerberos hive用户
[rootxxx ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal hbase/adminJAST.COM with password.
kadmin.local: addprinc hiveJAST.COM
WARNING: no policy specified for hiveJAST.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal hiveJAST.COM:
Re-enter password for principal hiveJAST.COM:
Principal hiveJAST.COM created.
kadmin.local: exit
[rootxxx ~]# kinit hive
Password for hiveJAST.COM:
[rootxxx ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: hiveJAST.COMValid starting Expires Service principal
2019-08-09T10:07:24 2019-08-10T10:07:24 krbtgt/JAST.COMJAST.COMrenew until 2019-08-17T10:07:24通过 beeline连接 hiveserver2
[rootxxx001 ~]# beeline
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize512M; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Using incremental CMS is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize512M; support was removed in 8.0
Beeline version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0 by Apache Hive
beeline !connect jdbc:hive2://192.168.1.101:10000/;principalhiveJAST.COM
scan complete in 2ms
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://192.168.1.101:10000/;principalhiveJAST.COM
Kerberos principal should have 3 parts: hiveJAST.COM这里就遇到问题了提示 Kerberos principal should have 3 parts: hiveJAST.COM 说是需要三个部分翻阅资料发现创建kerberos principal指定三个部分命名规则类似于服务名/HOST域名 域名就是/etc/krb5.conf 中 domain_realm 配置的如 hive/hostname1JAST.COM 此处参考https://community.hortonworks.com/questions/22897/kerberos-principal-should-have-3-parts.html 注意这里hostname要与hiveserver2的相同例
!connect jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostnameJAST.COM
不相同会报错
Error: Could not open client transport with JDBC Uri: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostname1JAST.COM: GSS initiate failed (state08S01,code0) 修改第一步创建principal
[rootxxx ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal hbase/adminJAST.COM with password.
kadmin.local: addprinc hive/hostnameJAST.COM
WARNING: no policy specified for hive/hostnameJAST.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal hive/hostnameJAST.COM:
Re-enter password for principal hive/hostnameJAST.COM:
Principal hive/hostnameJAST.COM created.
kadmin.local: exit
[rootxxx ~]# kinit hive
Password for hive/hostnameJAST.COM:
[rootxxx ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: hive/hostnameJAST.COMValid starting Expires Service principal
2019-08-09T10:07:24 2019-08-10T10:07:24 krbtgt/JAST.COMJAST.COMrenew until 2019-08-17T10:07:24再次通过beeline连接,成功
beeline !connect jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostnameJAST.COM
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostnameJAST.COM
Connected to: Apache Hive (version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0)
Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ 1.2创建Admin角色
0: jdbc:hive2://xxx:10000/ create role admin;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811133535_e7b93b4e-ee8e-4aee-b0ce-49b62bda60c8): create role admin
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811133535_e7b93b4e-ee8e-4aee-b0ce-49b62bda60c8); Time taken: 0.532 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811133535_e7b93b4e-ee8e-4aee-b0ce-49b62bda60c8): create role admin
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811133535_e7b93b4e-ee8e-4aee-b0ce-49b62bda60c8); Time taken: 0.204 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (2.118 seconds)1.3为admin角色赋予管理员权限
0: jdbc:hive2://XXX:10000/ GRANT ALL ON SERVER server1 TO ROLE admin;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134141_549bde26-29b1-48fc-a5b1-62ffe2ced6e9): GRANT ALL ON SERVER server1 TO ROLE admin
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134141_549bde26-29b1-48fc-a5b1-62ffe2ced6e9); Time taken: 0.12 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134141_549bde26-29b1-48fc-a5b1-62ffe2ced6e9): GRANT ALL ON SERVER server1 TO ROLE admin
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134141_549bde26-29b1-48fc-a5b1-62ffe2ced6e9); Time taken: 0.104 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.241 seconds)
1.4 将admin角色授权给hive用户组
0: jdbc:hive2://xxx:10000/ GRANT ROLE admin TO GROUP hive;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134242_2e020ff8-08ee-4b68-a19c-ff83b68a24ae): GRANT ROLE admin TO GROUP hive
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134242_2e020ff8-08ee-4b68-a19c-ff83b68a24ae); Time taken: 0.088 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134242_2e020ff8-08ee-4b68-a19c-ff83b68a24ae): GRANT ROLE admin TO GROUP hive
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134242_2e020ff8-08ee-4b68-a19c-ff83b68a24ae); Time taken: 0.061 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.163 seconds)以上操作创建了一个admin角色
admin : 具有管理员权限可以读写所有数据库并授权给hive组对应操作系统的组
2. 创建test表
使用hive用户登录Kerberos通过beeline登录HiveServer2创建test表并插入测试数据
0: jdbc:hive2://xxx:10000/ create table test (s1 string, s2 string) row format delimited fields terminated by ,;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134747_3bf78819-78e0-4f3f-921d-57aae50184ab): create table test (s1 string, s2 string) row format delimited fields terminated by ,
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134747_3bf78819-78e0-4f3f-921d-57aae50184ab); Time taken: 0.352 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134747_3bf78819-78e0-4f3f-921d-57aae50184ab): create table test (s1 string, s2 string) row format delimited fields terminated by ,
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134747_3bf78819-78e0-4f3f-921d-57aae50184ab); Time taken: 0.465 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.856 seconds)插入数据
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ insert into test values(a,b),(1,2);
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134848_7d61ee56-7e53-4889-bd3b-7833bbe45793): insert into test values(a,b),(1,2)
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:values__tmp__table__1.tmp_values_col1, type:string, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:values__tmp__table__1.tmp_values_col2, type:string, comment:null)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134848_7d61ee56-7e53-4889-bd3b-7833bbe45793); Time taken: 0.856 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134848_7d61ee56-7e53-4889-bd3b-7833bbe45793): insert into test values(a,b),(1,2)
INFO : Query ID hive_20190811134848_7d61ee56-7e53-4889-bd3b-7833bbe45793
INFO : Total jobs 3
INFO : Launching Job 1 out of 3
INFO : Starting task [Stage-1:MAPRED] in serial mode
INFO : Number of reduce tasks is set to 0 since theres no reduce operator
INFO : number of splits:1
INFO : Submitting tokens for job: job_1565402085038_0001
INFO : Kind: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN, Service: 10.248.161.16:8020, Ident: (token for hive: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN ownerhive/hostname.zhIZHONGHONG.COM, reneweryarn, realUser, issueDate1565502522452, maxDate1566107322452, sequenceNumber62, masterKeyId8)
INFO : The url to track the job: http://hostname.zh:8088/proxy/application_1565402085038_0001/
INFO : Starting Job job_1565402085038_0001, Tracking URL http://hostname.zh:8088/proxy/application_1565402085038_0001/
INFO : Kill Command /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-5.13.0-1.cdh5.13.0.p0.29/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop job -kill job_1565402085038_0001
INFO : Hadoop job information for Stage-1: number of mappers: 1; number of reducers: 0
INFO : 2019-08-11 13:48:56,862 Stage-1 map 0%, reduce 0%
INFO : 2019-08-11 13:49:02,147 Stage-1 map 100%, reduce 0%, Cumulative CPU 2.08 sec
INFO : MapReduce Total cumulative CPU time: 2 seconds 80 msec
INFO : Ended Job job_1565402085038_0001
INFO : Starting task [Stage-7:CONDITIONAL] in serial mode
INFO : Stage-4 is selected by condition resolver.
INFO : Stage-3 is filtered out by condition resolver.
INFO : Stage-5 is filtered out by condition resolver.
INFO : Starting task [Stage-4:MOVE] in serial mode
INFO : Moving data to: hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/.hive-staging_hive_2019-08-11_13-48-41_149_6972252053826421751-1/-ext-10000 from hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/.hive-staging_hive_2019-08-11_13-48-41_149_6972252053826421751-1/-ext-10002
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:MOVE] in serial mode
INFO : Loading data to table default.test from hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/.hive-staging_hive_2019-08-11_13-48-41_149_6972252053826421751-1/-ext-10000
INFO : Starting task [Stage-2:STATS] in serial mode
INFO : Table default.test stats: [numFiles1, numRows2, totalSize8, rawDataSize6]
INFO : MapReduce Jobs Launched:
INFO : Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1 Cumulative CPU: 2.08 sec HDFS Read: 3564 HDFS Write: 76 SUCCESS
INFO : Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 2 seconds 80 msec
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134848_7d61ee56-7e53-4889-bd3b-7833bbe45793); Time taken: 21.547 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (22.428 seconds) 查询数据
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ select * from test;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134949_edeab35a-b1ae-49b8-b4b7-8281ae736fa8): select * from test
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:test.s1, type:string, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:test.s2, type:string, comment:null)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811134949_edeab35a-b1ae-49b8-b4b7-8281ae736fa8); Time taken: 0.201 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134949_edeab35a-b1ae-49b8-b4b7-8281ae736fa8): select * from test
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811134949_edeab35a-b1ae-49b8-b4b7-8281ae736fa8); Time taken: 0.0 seconds
INFO : OK
----------------------
| test.s1 | test.s2 |
----------------------
| a | b |
| 1 | 2 |
----------------------
2 rows selected (0.345 seconds)3. 创建其他角色授予权限 创建两个角色jast_r 与 jast_w 一个是读权限一个是写权限
注意集群所有节点必须存在fayson和user_w用户用户默认用户组与用户名一致赋权是针对用户组而不是针对用户。
3.1 创建用户默认用户组与用户名相同
[roothostname ~]# useradd jast_r
[roothostname ~]# id jast_r
uid1002(jast_r) gid1002(jast_r) 组1002(jast_r)
[roothostname ~]# useradd jast_w
[roothostname ~]# id jast_w
uid1003(jast_w) gid1003(jast_w) 组1003(jast_w)3.2 授权read角色对test表的select权限write角色对test表的insert权限
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ create role read;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_d4a8362b-c976-4a83-a189-c806ba909f2b): create role read
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_d4a8362b-c976-4a83-a189-c806ba909f2b); Time taken: 0.082 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_d4a8362b-c976-4a83-a189-c806ba909f2b): create role read
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_d4a8362b-c976-4a83-a189-c806ba909f2b); Time taken: 0.024 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.12 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT SELECT ON TABLE test TO ROLE read;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_df975a0d-1eef-4e80-adea-c0a5a2a83370): GRANT SELECT ON TABLE test TO ROLE read
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_df975a0d-1eef-4e80-adea-c0a5a2a83370); Time taken: 0.089 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_df975a0d-1eef-4e80-adea-c0a5a2a83370): GRANT SELECT ON TABLE test TO ROLE read
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140000_df975a0d-1eef-4e80-adea-c0a5a2a83370); Time taken: 0.025 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.125 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ CREATE ROLE write;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140101_5688fe84-9e95-49e3-86df-5bf599ab31c7): CREATE ROLE write
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140101_5688fe84-9e95-49e3-86df-5bf599ab31c7); Time taken: 0.091 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140101_5688fe84-9e95-49e3-86df-5bf599ab31c7): CREATE ROLE write
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140101_5688fe84-9e95-49e3-86df-5bf599ab31c7); Time taken: 0.012 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.113 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT INSERT ON TABLE test TO ROLE write;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140202_4ac6ca45-9829-47ae-893e-376778c17030): GRANT INSERT ON TABLE test TO ROLE write
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140202_4ac6ca45-9829-47ae-893e-376778c17030); Time taken: 0.082 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140202_4ac6ca45-9829-47ae-893e-376778c17030): GRANT INSERT ON TABLE test TO ROLE write
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140202_4ac6ca45-9829-47ae-893e-376778c17030); Time taken: 0.014 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.107 seconds) 3.3 将read角色授权给 jast_r 用户组write角色授权给 jast_w 用户组
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT ROLE read TO GROUP jast_r;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_914d96ac-577e-49fd-99a4-69e6ef2c977c): GRANT ROLE read TO GROUP jast_r
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_914d96ac-577e-49fd-99a4-69e6ef2c977c); Time taken: 0.082 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_914d96ac-577e-49fd-99a4-69e6ef2c977c): GRANT ROLE read TO GROUP jast_r
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_914d96ac-577e-49fd-99a4-69e6ef2c977c); Time taken: 0.02 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.112 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT ROLE write TO GROUP jast_w;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_0f5e0d44-e853-4ffe-a184-f3c5beebf46f): GRANT ROLE write TO GROUP jast_w
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_0f5e0d44-e853-4ffe-a184-f3c5beebf46f); Time taken: 0.081 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_0f5e0d44-e853-4ffe-a184-f3c5beebf46f): GRANT ROLE write TO GROUP jast_w
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811140303_0f5e0d44-e853-4ffe-a184-f3c5beebf46f); Time taken: 0.011 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.1 seconds) 3.4 使用kadmin创建 jast_r 和 jast_w 用户
[rootxxx ~]# kadmin.local
Authenticating as principal hive/adminJAST.COM with password.
kadmin.local: addprinc jast_rJAST.COM
WARNING: no policy specified for jast_rJAST.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal jast_rJAST.COM:
Re-enter password for principal jast_rJAST.COM:
Principal jast_rJAST.COM created.
kadmin.local: addprinc jast_wJAST.COM
WARNING: no policy specified for jast_wJAST.COM; defaulting to no policy
Enter password for principal jast_wJAST.COM:
Re-enter password for principal jast_wJAST.COM:
Principal jast_wJAST.COM created.
kadmin.local: exit3.5 Hive 验证
使用 jast_r 用户登录kerberos
[rootxxx ~]# kinit jast_r
Password for jast_rJAST.COM:
[rootxxx ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: jast_rJAST.COMValid starting Expires Service principal
2019-08-11T14:10:15 2019-08-12T14:10:15 krbtgt/JAST.COMJAST.COMrenew until 2019-08-18T14:10:15通过beeline链接HiveServer2并测试 jast_r 权限
[roothostname ~]# beeline
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize512M; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Using incremental CMS is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize512M; support was removed in 8.0
Beeline version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0 by Apache Hive
beeline !connect jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostnameIZHONGHONG.COM
scan complete in 2ms
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostnameIZHONGHONG.COM
Connected to: Apache Hive (version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0)
Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ show tables;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_d7b14463-37df-43c9-baa2-f8e1ac1d0bd3): show tables
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:tab_name, type:string, comment:from deserializer)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_d7b14463-37df-43c9-baa2-f8e1ac1d0bd3); Time taken: 0.095 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_d7b14463-37df-43c9-baa2-f8e1ac1d0bd3): show tables
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_d7b14463-37df-43c9-baa2-f8e1ac1d0bd3); Time taken: 0.148 seconds
INFO : OK
-------------
| tab_name |
-------------
| test |
-------------
1 row selected (0.355 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ select * from test;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_60a84683-d394-4d2a-94c8-b861355afe29): select * from test
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:test.s1, type:string, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:test.s2, type:string, comment:null)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_60a84683-d394-4d2a-94c8-b861355afe29); Time taken: 0.156 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_60a84683-d394-4d2a-94c8-b861355afe29): select * from test
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141212_60a84683-d394-4d2a-94c8-b861355afe29); Time taken: 0.001 seconds
INFO : OK
----------------------
| test.s1 | test.s2 |
----------------------
| a | b |
| 1 | 2 |
----------------------
2 rows selected (0.194 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ insert into test values(2, 222);
Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privilegesUser jast_r does not have privileges for QUERYThe required privileges: Serverserver1-Dbdefault-Tabletest-actioninsert; (state42000,code40000)命令行中直接使用hive去查询结果相同
hive select * from test;
OK
a b
1 2
Time taken: 2.2 seconds, Fetched: 2 row(s)
hive insert into test values(2, 222);
FAILED: RuntimeException Cannot create staging directory hdfs://xxx:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/.hive-staging_hive_2019-08-11_14-14-32_295_6847917828039371771-1: Permission denied: userjast_r, accessWRITE, inode/user/hive/warehouse/test:hive:hive:drwxrwx--xat org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.checkAccessAcl(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:363)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.check(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:256)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.check(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:240)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.DefaultAuthorizationProvider.checkPermission(DefaultAuthorizationProvider.java:162)at org.apache.sentry.hdfs.SentryAuthorizationProvider.checkPermission(SentryAuthorizationProvider.java:178)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSPermissionChecker.checkPermission(FSPermissionChecker.java:152)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:3770)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkPermission(FSDirectory.java:3753)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSDirectory.checkAncestorAccess(FSDirectory.java:3735)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.checkAncestorAccess(FSNamesystem.java:6723)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.mkdirsInternal(FSNamesystem.java:4493)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.mkdirsInt(FSNamesystem.java:4463)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.FSNamesystem.mkdirs(FSNamesystem.java:4436)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.NameNodeRpcServer.mkdirs(NameNodeRpcServer.java:876)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.server.namenode.AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.mkdirs(AuthorizationProviderProxyClientProtocol.java:326)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocolPB.ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.mkdirs(ClientNamenodeProtocolServerSideTranslatorPB.java:640)at org.apache.hadoop.hdfs.protocol.proto.ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos$ClientNamenodeProtocol$2.callBlockingMethod(ClientNamenodeProtocolProtos.java)at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.ProtobufRpcEngine$Server$ProtoBufRpcInvoker.call(ProtobufRpcEngine.java:617)at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.RPC$Server.call(RPC.java:1073)at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2226)at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler$1.run(Server.java:2222)at java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(Native Method)at javax.security.auth.Subject.doAs(Subject.java:422)at org.apache.hadoop.security.UserGroupInformation.doAs(UserGroupInformation.java:1917)at org.apache.hadoop.ipc.Server$Handler.run(Server.java:2220)使用 jast_w 用户登录kerberos
[roothostname ~]# kinit jast_w
Password for jast_wJAST.COM:
[roothostname ~]# klist
Ticket cache: FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_0
Default principal: jast_wJAST.COMValid starting Expires Service principal
2019-08-11T14:16:56 2019-08-12T14:16:56 krbtgt/JAST.COMJAST.COMrenew until 2019-08-18T14:16:56验证jast_w 权限
[roothostname ~]# beeline
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize512M; support was removed in 8.0
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: Using incremental CMS is deprecated and will likely be removed in a future release
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM warning: ignoring option MaxPermSize512M; support was removed in 8.0
Beeline version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0 by Apache Hive
beeline !connect jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostnameIZHONGHONG.COM
scan complete in 2ms
Connecting to jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/;principalhive/hostnameIZHONGHONG.COM
Connected to: Apache Hive (version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0)
Driver: Hive JDBC (version 1.1.0-cdh5.13.0)
Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ show tables;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_c8c1f9dc-cb3c-48e4-a059-e8b609daf967): show tables
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:tab_name, type:string, comment:from deserializer)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_c8c1f9dc-cb3c-48e4-a059-e8b609daf967); Time taken: 0.081 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_c8c1f9dc-cb3c-48e4-a059-e8b609daf967): show tables
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_c8c1f9dc-cb3c-48e4-a059-e8b609daf967); Time taken: 0.097 seconds
INFO : OK
-------------
| tab_name |
-------------
| test |
-------------
1 row selected (0.272 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ select * from test;
Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privilegesUser jast_w does not have privileges for QUERYThe required privileges: Serverserver1-Dbdefault-Tabletest-Columns1-actionselect; (state42000,code40000)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ insert into test values(2, 333);
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_0f210123-2878-44d2-82ee-19006bc3db9a): insert into test values(2, 333)
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:values__tmp__table__1.tmp_values_col1, type:string, comment:null), FieldSchema(name:values__tmp__table__1.tmp_values_col2, type:string, comment:null)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_0f210123-2878-44d2-82ee-19006bc3db9a); Time taken: 0.169 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_0f210123-2878-44d2-82ee-19006bc3db9a): insert into test values(2, 333)
INFO : Query ID hive_20190811141818_0f210123-2878-44d2-82ee-19006bc3db9a
INFO : Total jobs 3
INFO : Launching Job 1 out of 3
INFO : Starting task [Stage-1:MAPRED] in serial mode
INFO : Number of reduce tasks is set to 0 since theres no reduce operator
INFO : number of splits:1
INFO : Submitting tokens for job: job_1565402085038_0004
INFO : Kind: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN, Service: 10.248.161.16:8020, Ident: (token for hive: HDFS_DELEGATION_TOKEN ownerhive/hostname.zhIZHONGHONG.COM, reneweryarn, realUser, issueDate1565504336371, maxDate1566109136371, sequenceNumber71, masterKeyId8)
INFO : The url to track the job: http://hostname.zh:8088/proxy/application_1565402085038_0004/
INFO : Starting Job job_1565402085038_0004, Tracking URL http://hostname.zh:8088/proxy/application_1565402085038_0004/
INFO : Kill Command /opt/cloudera/parcels/CDH-5.13.0-1.cdh5.13.0.p0.29/lib/hadoop/bin/hadoop job -kill job_1565402085038_0004
INFO : Hadoop job information for Stage-1: number of mappers: 1; number of reducers: 0
INFO : 2019-08-11 14:19:03,340 Stage-1 map 0%, reduce 0%
INFO : 2019-08-11 14:19:08,570 Stage-1 map 100%, reduce 0%, Cumulative CPU 2.13 sec
INFO : MapReduce Total cumulative CPU time: 2 seconds 130 msec
INFO : Ended Job job_1565402085038_0004
INFO : Starting task [Stage-7:CONDITIONAL] in serial mode
INFO : Stage-4 is selected by condition resolver.
INFO : Stage-3 is filtered out by condition resolver.
INFO : Stage-5 is filtered out by condition resolver.
INFO : Starting task [Stage-4:MOVE] in serial mode
INFO : Moving data to: hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/.hive-staging_hive_2019-08-11_14-18-56_097_7619254651339763505-1/-ext-10000 from hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/.hive-staging_hive_2019-08-11_14-18-56_097_7619254651339763505-1/-ext-10002
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:MOVE] in serial mode
INFO : Loading data to table default.test from hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/.hive-staging_hive_2019-08-11_14-18-56_097_7619254651339763505-1/-ext-10000
INFO : Starting task [Stage-2:STATS] in serial mode
INFO : Table default.test stats: [numFiles2, numRows3, totalSize14, rawDataSize11]
INFO : MapReduce Jobs Launched:
INFO : Stage-Stage-1: Map: 1 Cumulative CPU: 2.13 sec HDFS Read: 3651 HDFS Write: 74 SUCCESS
INFO : Total MapReduce CPU Time Spent: 2 seconds 130 msec
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811141818_0f210123-2878-44d2-82ee-19006bc3db9a); Time taken: 13.606 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (13.795 seconds)我们发现之前配置的hive读写权限相对应的用户组生效
3.6 HDFS 权限验证
kerberos 登录 jast_r 用户
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -ls hdfs://hostname:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test
Found 2 items
-rwxrwx--x 2 hive hive 8 2019-08-11 13:49 hdfs://hostname:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/000000_0
-rwxrwx--x 2 hive hive 6 2019-08-11 14:19 hdfs://hostname:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/000000_0_copy_1
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -cat hdfs://hostname:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/000000_0
a,b
1,2
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -rm hdfs://hostname:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/000000_0
19/08/11 14:28:05 WARN fs.TrashPolicyDefault: Cant create trash directory: hdfs://hostname:8020/user/jast_r/.Trash/Current/user/hive/warehouse/test
org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: userjast_r, accessWRITE, inode/user:hdfs:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -put derby.log hdfs://hostname:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/
put: Permission denied: userjast_r, accessWRITE, inode/user/hive/warehouse/test:hive:hive:drwxrwx--xkerberos 登录 jast_w 用户
[roothostname ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse/test
ls: Permission denied: userjast_w, accessREAD_EXECUTE, inode/user/hive/warehouse/test:hive:hive:drwxrwx--x
[roothostname ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive/warehouse
ls: Permission denied: userjast_w, accessREAD_EXECUTE, inode/user/hive/warehouse:hive:hive:drwxrwx--x
[roothostname ~]# hadoop fs -ls /user/hive
Found 3 items
drwx------ - hive hive 0 2019-08-11 12:00 /user/hive/.Trash
drwx------ - hive hive 0 2019-08-11 14:19 /user/hive/.staging
drwxrwx--x - hive hive 0 2019-08-11 13:47 /user/hive/warehouse
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -cat hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/000000_0
cat: Permission denied: userjast_w, accessREAD, inode/user/hive/warehouse/test/000000_0:hive:hive:-rwxrwx--x
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -put derby.log hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -rm hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/hive/warehouse/test/000000_0
19/08/11 14:39:15 WARN fs.TrashPolicyDefault: Cant create trash directory: hdfs://hostname.zh:8020/user/jast_w/.Trash/Current/user/hive/warehouse/test
org.apache.hadoop.security.AccessControlException: Permission denied: userjast_w, accessWRITE, inode/user:hdfs:supergroup:drwxr-xr-x我们发现
读用户可以读取所有内容但是不能删除和添加hdfs中内容
写用户可以读取非hive目录下的文件但是不能读取hive/warehouse目录下的的数据可以写入数据但是也不能删除数据这个和网上部分资料说的不太相同我又测了一下使用hive用用户的话是可以删除的jast_w 就是不可以
说明hive的权限对hdfs权限是同步的 3.7 HUE 验证
在HUE中创建 read_r 与 read_w 用户登录查询hive测试结果相同 3.8 Impala 验证
kerberos 登录 jast_r 用户
[roothostname ~]# impala-shell
Starting Impala Shell without Kerberos authentication
Error connecting: TTransportException, TSocket read 0 bytes
Kerberos ticket found in the credentials cache, retrying the connection with a secure transport.
Connected to hostname.zh:21000
Server version: impalad version 2.10.0-cdh5.13.0 RELEASE (build 2511805f1eaa991df1460276c7e9f19d819cd4e4)
***********************************************************************************
Welcome to the Impala shell.
(Impala Shell v2.10.0-cdh5.13.0 (2511805) built on Wed Oct 4 10:55:37 PDT 2017)You can change the Impala daemon that youre connected to by using the CONNECT
command.To see how Impala will plan to run your query without actually executing
it, use the EXPLAIN command. You can change the level of detail in the EXPLAIN
output by setting the EXPLAIN_LEVEL query option.
***********************************************************************************
[hostname.zh:21000] select * from test ;
Query: select * from test
Query submitted at: 2019-08-11 15:26:33 (Coordinator: http://hostname:25000)
Query progress can be monitored at: http://hostname:25000/query_plan?query_idd84fbf93ba1b86d2:d602912400000000
----------------
| s1 | s2 |
----------------
| a | b |
| 1 | 2 |
| 2 | 333 |
| test44 | test55 |
----------------
Fetched 4 row(s) in 0.17s
[hostname.zh:21000] insert into test values(test,test);
Query: insert into test values(test,test)
Query submitted at: 2019-08-11 15:26:48 (Coordinator: http://hostname:25000)
ERROR: AuthorizationException: User jast_rIZHONGHONG.COM does not have privileges to execute INSERT on: default.test
[hostname.zh:21000] show tables;
Query: show tables
------
| name |
------
| test |
------
Fetched 1 row(s) in 0.01skerberos 登录 jast_w 用户
[hostname.zh:21000] select * from test ;
Query: select * from test
Query submitted at: 2019-08-11 15:32:36 (Coordinator: http://hostname:25000)
ERROR: AuthorizationException: User jast_wIZHONGHONG.COM does not have privileges to execute SELECT on: default.test[hostname.zh:21000] insert into test values(test111,test000);
Query: insert into test values(test111,test000)
Query submitted at: 2019-08-11 15:32:44 (Coordinator: http://hostname:25000)
Query progress can be monitored at: http://hostname:25000/query_plan?query_idb5426d5fbe985590:6d98dcd500000000
Modified 1 row(s) in 0.11sImpala与Sentry集成后可以使用Sentry来进行权限管理拥有read角色的fayson用户组只能对test表进行select和count操作不能插入数据拥有write角色的user_w
用户组只能对test表插入数据不能进行select和count操作。说明Sentry实现了Hive权限与Impala的同步。
4. Sentry 列权限设置
其实这里的步骤就是 创建kerberos 账号 -创建 role - 给role赋予相关权限 - 给用户/用户组赋予role权限
kerberos 登录hive用户链接hiveserver2
4.1 创建test表列读角色并授权给用户组
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ CREATE ROLE test_column_read;
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT SELECT(s2) ON TABLE test TO ROLE test_column_read;
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT ROLE test_column_read TO GROUP jast_r;
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ CREATE ROLE test_column_read;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811161818_864832bd-5231-4cfb-8042-6450249101ec): CREATE ROLE test_column_read
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811161818_864832bd-5231-4cfb-8042-6450249101ec); Time taken: 0.11 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811161818_864832bd-5231-4cfb-8042-6450249101ec): CREATE ROLE test_column_read
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811161818_864832bd-5231-4cfb-8042-6450249101ec); Time taken: 0.021 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.194 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT SELECT(s2) ON TABLE test TO ROLE test_column_read;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811162020_136407ae-891e-45d1-a9b5-2f52a0d4bd8e): GRANT SELECT(s1) ON TABLE test TO ROLE test_column_read
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811162020_136407ae-891e-45d1-a9b5-2f52a0d4bd8e); Time taken: 0.08 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811162020_136407ae-891e-45d1-a9b5-2f52a0d4bd8e): GRANT SELECT(s1) ON TABLE test TO ROLE test_column_read
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811162020_136407ae-891e-45d1-a9b5-2f52a0d4bd8e); Time taken: 0.021 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.11 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ GRANT ROLE test_column_read TO GROUP jast_r;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811162323_224f9a66-9dd7-4fb9-ad9c-9c42cd3cf759): GRANT ROLE test_column_read TO GROUP jast_r
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:null, properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811162323_224f9a66-9dd7-4fb9-ad9c-9c42cd3cf759); Time taken: 0.092 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811162323_224f9a66-9dd7-4fb9-ad9c-9c42cd3cf759): GRANT ROLE test_column_read TO GROUP jast_r
INFO : Starting task [Stage-0:DDL] in serial mode
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811162323_224f9a66-9dd7-4fb9-ad9c-9c42cd3cf759); Time taken: 0.012 seconds
INFO : OK
No rows affected (0.113 seconds)4.2 列读权限测试
登录kerberos jast_r 用户
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ select s2 from test;
INFO : Compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811172828_148d8d32-33a1-49af-9fb9-62a24d8ad8dd): select s2 from test
INFO : Semantic Analysis Completed
INFO : Returning Hive schema: Schema(fieldSchemas:[FieldSchema(name:s2, type:string, comment:null)], properties:null)
INFO : Completed compiling command(queryIdhive_20190811172828_148d8d32-33a1-49af-9fb9-62a24d8ad8dd); Time taken: 0.219 seconds
INFO : Executing command(queryIdhive_20190811172828_148d8d32-33a1-49af-9fb9-62a24d8ad8dd): select s2 from test
INFO : Completed executing command(queryIdhive_20190811172828_148d8d32-33a1-49af-9fb9-62a24d8ad8dd); Time taken: 0.001 seconds
INFO : OK
------------
| s2 |
------------
| b |
| 2 |
| 333 |
| test000 |
| test55 |
| test000 |
------------
6 rows selected (0.378 seconds)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ select s1 from test;
Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privilegesUser jast_cloumn does not have privileges for QUERYThe required privileges: Serverserver1-Dbdefault-Tabletest-Columns1-actionselect; (state42000,code40000)
0: jdbc:hive2://hostname:10000/ select * from test;
Error: Error while compiling statement: FAILED: SemanticException No valid privilegesUser jast_cloumn does not have privileges for QUERYThe required privileges: Serverserver1-Dbdefault-Tabletest-Columns1-actionselect; (state42000,code40000)发现我们只能查看我们指定的列
去hdfs查看是否有权限查看数据
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -ls /user/hive/warehouse
ls: Permission denied: userjast_cloumn, accessREAD_EXECUTE, inode/user/hive/warehouse:hive:hive:drwxrwx--x
[roothostname ~]# hdfs dfs -ls /user/hive
Found 3 items
drwx------ - hive hive 0 2019-08-11 15:00 /user/hive/.Trash
drwx------ - hive hive 0 2019-08-11 14:19 /user/hive/.staging
drwxrwx--x - hive hive 0 2019-08-11 13:47 /user/hive/warehouse发现无权限查看hive中的数据
注意Sentry只支持SELECT的列授权不能用于INSERT和ALL的列授权。
5. Sentry 权限命令详解更多介绍参考https://datamining.blog.csdn.net/article/details/99212770
#权限分为 SELECT ,INSERT ,ALL
#查看所有role
show roles;#创建role
create role role_name;#删除rolt
drop role role_name; #将某个数据库读权限授予给某个role
GRANT SELECT ON DATABASE db_name TO ROLE role_name;#将test 表的 S1 列的读权限授权给role_name TABLE也可以不写
GRANT SELECT(s1) ON TABLE test TO ROLE role_name;本文参考公号文章 https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__bizMzI4OTY3MTUyNgmid2247484811idx1sn5d54f0b0e85c2264033575c1b051b5b1chksmec2ad582db5d5c94e7919faca495d4a5a8de21592cd1f95f93c02b98d92686238826a6a3c1fcscene21#wechat_redirect
