广东省交通建设监理检测协会网站,做视频网站多大服务器,网站规划的特点,汝阳网站建设MPLS 数据详细转发流程示意图#xff1a;配置思路#xff1a;在自治系统AS100中配置IGP#xff0c;使得两台PE路由器的lo 0接口路由可达#xff1b;两台PE路由器路由可达后#xff0c;在两台PE路由器之间建立MP-iBGP邻居关系#xff0c;用来传输V4路由#xff1b;AS100中… MPLS ×××数据详细转发流程示意图配置思路在自治系统AS100中配置IGP使得两台PE路由器的lo 0接口路由可达两台PE路由器路由可达后在两台PE路由器之间建立MP-iBGP邻居关系用来传输×××V4路由AS100中所有P路由器和PE路由器运行MPLS并使用LDP来给非BGP路由分发标签在PE路由器和CE路由器之间运行ospf路由协议使得PE路由器的VRF路由表可以学习到CE路由器的路由将PE路由器VRF学习到的路由重分发进BGP使得对端PE路由器可以通过MP-iBGP邻居关系学习到×××V4路由将BGP路由在PE路由器上充分发进ce端ospf使得CE路由器可以学习到相互的私有路由上述拓扑基本配置R1配置ip cef!ip vrf cisco rd100:1 route-target export 100:2 route-target import 100:2!mpls label range 100 199mpls label protocol ldp interface Loopback0 ipaddress 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255!interface Ethernet0/0 ipvrf forwarding cisco ipaddress 10.1.15.1 255.255.255.0 half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ipaddress 10.1.12.1 255.255.255.0 half-duplex mplslabel protocol ldp mplsip! router ospf 1 vrf cisco log-adjacency-changes redistribute bgp 100 subnets network 10.1.15.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router ospf 100 router-id 1.1.1.1 log-adjacency-changes network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 100 bgprouter-id 1.1.1.1 bgplog-neighbor-changes neighbor 4.4.4.4 remote-as 100 neighbor 4.4.4.4 update-source Loopback0 ! address-family ipv4 neighbor 4.4.4.4 activate noauto-summary nosynchronization exit-address-family ! address-family ***v4 neighbor 4.4.4.4 activate neighbor 4.4.4.4 send-community extended exit-address-family ! address-family ipv4 vrf cisco redistribute ospf 1 vrf cisco match internalexternal 1 external 2 nosynchronization exit-address-family!no ip http server!mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 R2配置ip cef!mpls label range 200 299mpls label protocol ldp!interface Loopback0 ipaddress 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255!interface Ethernet0/0 ipaddress 10.1.23.2 255.255.255.0 half-duplex mplslabel protocol ldp mplsip!interface Ethernet0/1 ipaddress 10.1.12.2 255.255.255.0 half-duplex mplslabel protocol ldp mplsip!router ospf 100 router-id 2.2.2.2 log-adjacency-changes network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.1.12.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!no ip http server!mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 R3配置ip cef!mpls label range 300 399mpls label protocol ldp!interface Loopback0 ipaddress 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255!interface Ethernet0/0 ipaddress 10.1.23.3 255.255.255.0 half-duplex mplslabel protocol ldp mplsip!interface Ethernet0/1 ipaddress 10.1.34.3 255.255.255.0 half-duplex mplslabel protocol ldp mplsip!router ospf 100 router-id 3.3.3.3 log-adjacency-changes network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.1.23.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 network 10.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!no ip http server!mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 R4配置ip cef!ip vrf cisco rd100:4 route-target export 100:2 route-target import 100:2!mpls label range 400 499mpls label protocol ldp!interface Loopback0 ipaddress 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255!interface Ethernet0/0 ipvrf forwarding cisco ip address10.1.46.4 255.255.255.0 half-duplex!interface Ethernet0/1 ipaddress 10.1.34.4 255.255.255.0 half-duplex mplslabel protocol ldp mplsip! router ospf 1 vrf cisco log-adjacency-changes redistribute bgp 100 subnets network 10.1.46.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router ospf 100 router-id 4.4.4.4 log-adjacency-changes network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.1.34.0 0.0.0.255 area 0!router bgp 100 bgplog-neighbor-changes neighbor 1.1.1.1 remote-as 100 neighbor 1.1.1.1 update-source Loopback0 ! address-family ipv4 neighbor 1.1.1.1 activate noauto-summary nosynchronization exit-address-family ! address-family ***v4 neighbor 1.1.1.1 activate neighbor 1.1.1.1 send-community extended exit-address-family ! address-family ipv4 vrf cisco redistribute ospf 1 vrf cisco match internalexternal 1 external 2 nosynchronization exit-address-family!mpls ldp router-id Loopback0 R5配置ip cefinterface Loopback0 ipaddress 5.5.5.5 255.255.255.255!interface Ethernet0/0 ipaddress 10.1.15.5 255.255.255.0 half-duplex!router ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5 log-adjacency-changes network 5.5.5.5 0.0.0.0 area 0 network 10.1.15.0 0.0.0.255 area 0 R6配置ip cefinterface Loopback0 ipaddress 6.6.6.6 255.255.255.255!interface Ethernet0/0 ipaddress 10.1.46.6 255.255.255.0 half-duplex!router ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6 log-adjacency-changes network 6.6.6.6 0.0.0.0 area 0 network10.1.46.0 0.0.0.255 area 0分析当R1和R4建立MP-iBG邻居关系后R1在将从VRF cisco中学习到的路由5.5.5.5/32发送给R4时将携带RD 1001并且分配标签为106如下R1#show ip bgp ***v4 rd 100:1 labels Network Next Hop In label/Out labelRouteDistinguisher: 100:1(cisco) 5.5.5.5/32 10.1.15.5 106/nolabelR4#SHOw ip bgp ***v4 rd 100:1 labels Network Next Hop In label/Out labelRoute Distinguisher: 100:1 5.5.5.5/32 1.1.1.1 nolabel/106注意BGP只会为每一个×××V4前缀分配一个标签这个标签用来说明报文的下一跳是谁也就是说如果×××V4在MP-BGP传输的过程中如果×××V4前缀的下一跳不发生变化那么途径的BGP路由器将没有权利修改标签。 以下是MP-iBGP在***v4路由更新时的调试信息*Mar 1 00:06:27.167: ***:bgp_***v4_alloc_tag route_tag_change for cisco:5.5.5.5/255.255.255.255*Mar 1 00:06:27.167: ***:tag_***_find_route_tags: 100:1:5.5.5.5*Mar 1 00:06:27.171: ***:intag106, outtagunknown, outtag ownerBGP *Mar 1 00:04:29.171: ***: bgp_***v4_bnetinit: 100:4:6.6.6.6/32*Mar 1 00:04:29.175: BGP: Accepted path from 4.4.4.4*Mar 1 00:04:42.131: ***:bgp_***v4_bnetinit: 100:1:6.6.6.6/32*Mar 1 00:04:42.283: ***:tag_***_find_route_tags: 100:1:6.6.6.6*Mar 1 00:04:42.287: ***:intag***-route, outtag405, outtag ownerBGP可以看到R1学习到的100:4:6.6.6.6的outlable标签为405是R4所分配R1给前缀100:1:5.5.5.5分配的in lable 标签为106 在R5上查看可以看到R5已经学习到了6.6.6.6/32的路由信息R6同理会学到5.5.5.5/32的路由R5#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 5.5.5.5 is directly connected, Loopback0 6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO IA 6.6.6.6 [110/21] via10.1.15.1, 00:13:02, Ethernet0/0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 10.1.15.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0O IA 10.1.46.0 [110/11] via 10.1.15.1, 00:13:02, Ethernet0/0你会发现从MP-iBGP重分发进入的路由是域间路由标识IA原因如下为OSPF工作的BGP扩展属性使得OSPF路由可以完全的在远端PE路由器上重建路由类型让远端PE路由器了解到什么类型的路由在OSPF中通告。如果是类型1和2或者3的话远程PE路由器将会通告一条域间汇总路由到OSPF中。 在PE路由器R1上查看VRF路由表R1#show ip route vrf ciscoRouting Table: ciscoCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static routeGateway of last resort is not set 5.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 5.5.5.5 [110/11] via 10.1.15.5, 00:55:43, Ethernet0/0 6.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsB 6.6.6.6 [200/11] via 4.4.4.4, 00:57:23 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnetsC 10.1.15.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0B 10.1.46.0 [200/0] via 4.4.4.4, 00:57:23可以看到去往6.6.6.6/32的路由为BGP路由并且下一跳为4.4.4.4查看6.6.6.6的*** 标签R1#show ip bgp ***v4 rd 100:4 LAbels Network Next Hop In label/Out labelRoute Distinguisher: 100:4 6.6.6.6/32 4.4.4.4 nolabel/405可以看到6.6.6.6的*** outlable标签为405当数据在进入VRF cisco后将添加底部标签405查看4.4.4.4的LDP标签R1#show mpls forwarding-table Local Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing Next Hop tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface 100 Pop tag 10.1.23.0/24 0 Et0/1 10.1.12.2 101 203 10.1.34.0/24 0 Et0/1 10.1.12.2 102 Pop tag 2.2.2.2/32 0 Et0/1 10.1.12.2 103 201 3.3.3.3/32 0 Et0/1 10.1.12.2 104 202 4.4.4.4/32 0 Et0/1 10.1.12.2 105 Aggregate 10.1.15.0/24[V] 0 106 Untagged 5.5.5.5/32[V] 570 Et0/0 10.1.15.5在加入底部标签405后将数据将会压入递归查询到的下一跳4.4.4.4的出站标签202在P路由器R2上查看路由表R2#show ip routeCodes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,M - mobile, B - BGP D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2 E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2 i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2 ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route Gateway of last resort is not set 1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 1.1.1.1 [110/11] via 10.1.12.1, 00:13:16, Ethernet0/1 2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsC 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0 3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 3.3.3.3 [110/11] via 10.1.23.3, 00:13:16, Ethernet0/0 4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnetsO 4.4.4.4 [110/21] via 10.1.23.3, 00:13:16, Ethernet0/0 10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnetsC 10.1.12.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/1C 10.1.23.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0/0O 10.1.34.0 [110/20] via 10.1.23.3, 00:13:17, Ethernet0/0可以看到R2上不存在5.5.5.5和6.6.6.6的路由信息所以在AS100中用户数据的转发只能靠标签转发来完成二不是IP路由转发查看R2的标签转发信息库如下R2#show mpls forwarding-tableLocal Outgoing Prefix Bytes tag Outgoing Next Hop tag tag or VC or Tunnel Id switched interface 200 Pop tag 1.1.1.1/32 14931 Et0/1 10.1.12.1 201 Pop tag 3.3.3.3/32 0 Et0/0 10.1.23.3 202 302 4.4.4.4/32 19345 Et0/0 10.1.23.3 203 Pop tag 10.1.34.0/24 0 Et0/0 10.1.23.3 可以看到R2对于路由4.4.4.4的本地标签为202远程标签为302在数据进入p路由器R2后将完全按照标签进行转发而不是路由转发从而实现通信。Ping测试R5#ping 6.6.6.6 source 5.5.5.5 Type escape sequence to abort.Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 6.6.6.6,timeout is 2 seconds:Packet sent with a source address of5.5.5.5!!!!!Success rate is 100 percent (5/5),round-trip min/avg/max 56/91/112 ms可以看到没有问题能够通信 转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/4719076/1538227
